Luke 2:36-51

Wednesday Evening Bible Study

June 14, 2000

Introduction

We’ve seen:

Birth of John the Baptist

Birth of Jesus / His dedication at the temple

Simeon’s witness of Jesus.

:36-39  Anna the prophetess

:36  And there was one Anna, a prophetess, the daughter of Phanuel, of the tribe of Aser: she was of a great age, and had lived with an husband seven years from her virginity;

prophetessprophetis a prophetess

great ageprobaino to go forwards, go on.  Literally, “she had gone on many days”

seven years – this means that if she was fifteen years old when she married, she was married for seven years before her husband died.

:37 And she was a widow of about fourscore and four years, which departed not from the temple, but served God with fastings and prayers night and day.

widow of about fourscore and four years

Married at fifteen, married for seven years, widowed for 84 years, this makes her about 106 years old!

departedaphistemi to make stand off, cause to withdraw, to remove

servedlatreuo to serve for hire; in the NT, to render religious service or homage, to worship; to perform sacred services, to offer gifts, to worship God in the observance of the rites instituted for his worship; of priests, to officiate, to discharge the sacred office.

This was the way that she gave worship to God, through fasting and prayers.

fastingsnesteia a fasting, fast

prayersdeesis need, indigence, want, privation, penury; a seeking, asking, entreating, entreaty to God or to man

Lesson

Fasting

Fasting is usually done by denying yourself food.  It may be a single meal, it may be for several days.
But the whole point behind fasting is that it is a denial of the flesh.  It is aimed at making your flesh less powerful over you, and giving God a chance to have more control over you.
It can also be done improperly.
If we do it to pat ourselves on the back or as a way to impress others with our spirituality, we’re wasting our time.

(Mat 6:16-18 KJV)  Moreover when ye fast, be not, as the hypocrites, of a sad countenance: for they disfigure their faces, that they may appear unto men to fast. Verily I say unto you, They have their reward. {17} But thou, when thou fastest, anoint thine head, and wash thy face; {18} That thou appear not unto men to fast, but unto thy Father which is in secret: and thy Father, which seeth in secret, shall reward thee openly.

If done properly, fasting may be a way to help you grow more serious about the Lord.
When the disciples were unable to cast a demon out of a child, Jesus rebuked them for their lack of faith and said,

(Mat 17:21 KJV)  Howbeit this kind goeth not out but by prayer and fasting.

:38 And she coming in that instant gave thanks likewise unto the Lord, and spake of him to all them that looked for redemption in Jerusalem.

instanthora a certain definite time or season fixed by natural law and returning with the revolving year; hour; any definite time, point of time, moment

Just like Simeon, Anna just happened to be in that part of the temple when Joseph and Mary walked by with baby Jesus.

gave thanksanthomologeomai to reply by professing or by confessing; to agree mutually (in turn), to make a compact; to acknowledge in the presence of; to give thanks

looked forprosdechomai to receive to one’s self; to expect: the fulfillment of promises

There was apparently at least a small group of people in Jerusalem who were anxiously waiting for the Messiah to show up.

redemptionlutrosis a ransoming, redemption; deliverance, esp. from the penalty of sin

These people were looking for a Savior in Jerusalem.

Jesus would save us from our sins.

Lesson

Double witness

Simeon had said something about the baby, and now Anna says something about the child.
God will usually use “two” or more witnesses to establish something.
(2 Cor 13:1 KJV)  This is the third time I am coming to you. In the mouth of two or three witnesses shall every word be established.

:39 And when they had performed all things according to the law of the Lord, they returned into Galilee, to their own city Nazareth.

performedteleo to bring to a close, to finish, to end; to perform, execute, complete, fulfil, (so that the thing done corresponds to what has been said, the order, command etc.)

 

Luke does not record the incident of the visit of the wise men, nor of Herod’s resulting fear and slaughter of babies, nor does he record Joseph and Mary’s flight to Egypt (Mat. 2).

 

:40  Jesus grows up

:40  And the child grew, and waxed strong in spirit, filled with wisdom: and the grace of God was upon him.

grewauxano – to cause to grow, augment; to increase, become greater

waxed strongkrataioo – to strengthen, make strong; to be made strong, to increase in strength, to grow strong

Robertson: “a hearty vigorous little boy”

spiritpneuma – the third person of the triune God, the Holy Spirit, coequal, coeternal with the Father and the Son; the spirit, i.e. the vital principal by which the body is animated; a spirit, i.e. a simple essence, devoid of all or at least all grosser matter, and possessed of the power of knowing, desiring, deciding, and acting; the disposition or influence which fills and governs the soul of any one

filledpleroo – to make full, to fill up, i.e. to fill to the full

wisdomsophia – wisdom, broad and full of intelligence; used of the knowledge of very diverse matters

gracecharis – grace; that which affords joy, pleasure, delight, sweetness, charm, loveliness: grace of speech; good will, loving-kindness, favour

We have very little recorded about the life of Jesus prior to the beginning of His ministry.

There are other ancient accounts that date back to the early church, of Jesus’ early life, but the church decided a long time ago that these were false writings.  They had supposed accounts of Jesus as a child turning rocks into birds and silly stuff like that.

:41-51  The Jerusalem trip

:41 Now his parents went to Jerusalem every year at the feast of the passover.

Originally, every Jewish male was supposed to go to Jerusalem three times a year:

(Deu 16:16 KJV)  Three times in a year shall all thy males appear before the LORD thy God in the place which he shall choose; in the feast of unleavened bread, and in the feast of weeks, and in the feast of tabernacles: and they shall not appear before the LORD empty:

This was for the Passover (and Unleavened Bread), Pentecost (weeks), and Tabernacles.
When the Jews were sent to Babylon, this became impossible, and by Jesus’ day, the practice for religious Jews to go to Jerusalem once a year for Passover.
Mary wasn’t required to go, but she did anyway.

:42 And when he was twelve years old, they went up to Jerusalem after the custom of the feast.

twelve – this is the age of the “bar mitzvah”, when a young man is considered by Jewish custom to be old enough to understand and obey God’s Law.  This would be the first year that Jesus would have been required to go to Jerusalem as a full fledged adult male Himself.

It’s not that Jesus wouldn’t have gone to Jerusalem for the Passover before, but that this is the first year He goes as an adult male.

:43 And when they had fulfilled the days, as they returned, the child Jesus tarried behind in Jerusalem; and Joseph and his mother knew not of it.

tarriedhupomeno – to remain; to tarry behind; to remain i.e. abide, not recede or flee; to endure, bear bravely and calmly: ill treatments

This is the word that we often see in relation to being “patient” in our trials, in “enduring”.  It’s idea is to “remain behind”.

Jesus isn’t being disobedient or disrespectful to His parents here.  He’s just “preoccupied” with the things going on in the temple and must not have been hanging around with the rest of the group from Nazareth so He doesn’t know that everyone’s left Him behind.

Kind of like “Home Alone”, except Jesus isn’t “alone”.

:44 But they, supposing him to have been in the company, went a day's journey; and they sought him among their kinsfolk and acquaintance.

supposingnomizo – to hold by custom or usage, own as a custom or usage, to follow a custom or usage; it is the custom, it is the received usage; to deem, think, suppose

Apparently it was “customary” for Jesus to have been in the group somewhere, and they just weren’t worried about Him.

companysunodia – a journey in company; of a company of travelers, associates on a journey, a caravan

soughtanazeteo to seek out, search through, make diligent search

A boy of twelve years old is starting to get kind of independent.  You don’t need to watch over them twenty-four hours a day.  It’s possible too that Joseph and Mary had some little ones to be taking care of as well (since Jesus did have brothers and sisters).  It was also customary for the women to travel in the front of a caravan while the men traveled in the back.  It’s possible that for most of the first day of traveling, that Joseph thought Jesus was with Mary, while Mary thought He was with Joseph.

:45 And when they found him not, they turned back again to Jerusalem, seeking him.

:46 And it came to pass, that after three days they found him in the temple, sitting in the midst of the doctors,

three days – one day out, one day getting back to Jerusalem, one day looking through Jerusalem.

doctorsdidaskalos – a teacher

sitting – apparently the teachers would sit on benches and the people would sit on the ground around them in a circle or half-circle.

I wonder if any of these same teachers were still around twenty years later to hear Jesus during His ministry.

:46  both hearing them, and asking them questions.

hearingakouo – to be endowed with the faculty of hearing, not deaf; to hear; to hear something; to comprehend, to understand

asking them questionseperotao – to accost one with an enquiry, put a question to, enquiry of, ask, interrogate

I assume that Jesus didn’t need any of these men to teach Him.  Yet He still “heard” them, as well as asked questions.

:47 And all that heard him were astonished at his understanding and answers.

astonishedexistemi – to throw out of position, displace; to amaze, to astonish, throw into wonderment

understandingsunesis – a running together, a flowing together with; knowledge; understanding; the understanding, i.e the mind so far forth as it understands

answersapokrisis – a replying, an answer

As I was thinking of this, there’s kind of a model of good communication and understanding going on here.

Lesson

Good communication

There were four things Jesus did, and I think the order is kind of important.
1)  Listen
You need to hear what the other person is saying.
2)  Ask questions
If you aren’t getting something, ask questions.  Don’t assume you really know what they’re trying to say.
3)  Understand
Put it all together.
4)  Answer
Respond

I think us husbands are kind of weak in these things at times.

(1 Pet 3:7 KJV)  Likewise, ye husbands, dwell with them according to knowledge, giving honour unto the wife, as unto the weaker vessel, and as being heirs together of the grace of life; that your prayers be not hindered.
We may think we are spending enough time “listening” to our wives, but we’re only hearing the “surface” stuff and not really understanding where our wife’s heart is.
Sometimes us guys really don’t enjoy taking a lot of time listening, and we think, “she’s got a problem and she wants me to fix it, so I’ll figure out the problem and fix it for her”.  That may be true some of the time, but I’m beginning to wonder if it isn’t correct most of the time.  I find that I make a big mistake thinking that my wife wants me to fix anything.  She usually just needs me to listen to her and begin to understand where her heart is at the moment.  She knows as well as I do that most of her problems are way bigger than I can ever fix and she mostly wants me to listen and pray with her.
I think there are other times when we’ve totally missed what she’s trying to say.

We get caught up in details and facts.  She’s concerned about hearts and feelings.

:48 And when they saw him, they were amazed

When Joseph and Mary found Jesus …

amazedekplesso – to strike out; to be struck with amazement, astonished, amazed

:48 and his mother said unto him, Son, why hast thou thus dealt with us? behold, thy father and I have sought thee sorrowing.

sorrowingodunao – to cause intense pain; to be in anguish, be tormented.  They were worried sick about Jesus.

father – a correct thing to say, to a point.  Yet in reality, was Joseph Jesus’ father?  No, God was.

:49 And he said unto them, How is it that ye sought me? wist ye not that I must be about my Father's business?

business -  not in the Greek.  Could be better “my Father’s House”.

Note that Jesus says “my Father’s”, not “our Father’s”.

By age twelve, Jesus understood His unique relationship with the Father. 

:50 And they understood not the saying which he spake unto them.

understoodsuniemi – to set or bring together; to put (as it were) the perception with the thing perceived.  It didn’t “click” with His parents.  They just didn’t get it.

Jesus had just called God His “Father”.

:51 And he went down with them, and came to Nazareth

down – Jerusalem is located on a hill, when you approach Jerusalem, you go “up”, when you leave, you go “down”.

We don’t know much about the next eighteen years, except that Jesus grew up to be a carpenter:

Mr 6:3  Is not this the carpenter, the son of Mary, the brother of James, and Joses, and of Juda, and Simon? and are not his sisters here with us? And they were offended at him.

:51 and was subject unto them: but his mother kept all these sayings in her heart.

subjecthupotasso – to arrange under, to subordinate; to subject, put in subjection; to subject one’s self, obey; to submit to one’s control; to yield to one’s admonition or advice; to obey, be subject.  A Greek military term meaning “to arrange [troop divisions] in a military fashion under the command of a leader”. In non-military use, it was “a voluntary attitude of giving in, cooperating, assuming responsibility, and carrying a burden”.

Sometimes people will want to quote Jesus saying , “I must be about my Father’s business” as an excuse for not doing what they are asked to do.

Though it was Jesus’ reason, notice that He too was subject to His parents.

Lesson

Learn to submit.

We all have places in our lives where we need to learn the lesson of submission.  None of us are above learning this.  Even Jesus had to learn to submit.
Here He was, God in the flesh, having to submit to these two earthly, sinful people called “parents”.
Jesus was obedient.
(Heb 5:7-8 KJV)  Who in the days of his flesh, when he had offered up prayers and supplications with strong crying and tears unto him that was able to save him from death, and was heard in that he feared; {8} Though he were a Son, yet learned he obedience by the things which he suffered;

How did Jesus learn obedience?  The hardest lessons were at the end, by obeying and going to the cross.

His “prayers and supplications” probably refer to the praying He did in the Garden of Gethsemane:

(Luke 22:41-44 KJV)  And he was withdrawn from them about a stone's cast, and kneeled down, and prayed, {42} Saying, Father, if thou be willing, remove this cup from me: nevertheless not my will, but thine, be done. {43} And there appeared an angel unto him from heaven, strengthening him. {44} And being in an agony he prayed more earnestly: and his sweat was as it were great drops of blood falling down to the ground.

Jesus’ ultimate lesson of submission was yielding to the Father’s will by going to the cross and dying for us.

But I think it all started here, at home.

I think there’s going to be a relationship between learning to submit in your earthly, human relationships, and learning to submit to God.

If you have difficulty submitting to a person, you’re going to have trouble submitting to God.

Lesson

Wives submitting to husbands.

I know I’m entering into tough territory here, but I think the principles that are expressed in this example of submission will be applicable across the board in all our relationships.
(1 Pet 3:1-6 NASB)  In the same way, you wives, be submissive to your own husbands so that even if any of them are disobedient to the word, they may be won without a word by the behavior of their wives, {2} as they observe your chaste and respectful behavior. {3} And let not your adornment be merely external-- braiding the hair, and wearing gold jewelry, or putting on dresses; {4} but let it be the hidden person of the heart, with the imperishable quality of a gentle and quiet spirit, which is precious in the sight of God. {5} For in this way in former times the holy women also, who hoped in God, used to adorn themselves, being submissive to their own husbands. {6} Thus Sarah obeyed Abraham, calling him lord, and you have become her children if you do what is right without being frightened by any fear.
It is a common misunderstanding that gals can have, thinking that they are to submit to their husbands “as long as He loves me like Jesus loves the church!”  I’m sorry, but this is wrong. 
Peter says a wife is to submit to her husband, EVEN IF HE’S WRONG.

Don’t misunderstand me here.  I know there are limits even to this.  Of course you shouldn’t submit to your husband if he is asking you to do something that is clearly against God’s will.  The problem is that I have a feeling that there are not as many things “against God’s will” that some gals want to think there are.

I am also not suggesting that a woman tolerate an abusive situation when her safety or the safety of the children becomes an issue.

The act of submission is meant to be a teaching tool.

The disobedient husband can learn how to be a better leader if his wife lets him make mistakes.  He will learn as long as he’s not being nagged.  He will learn by your actions, not by your words.

This is true in all our submission relationships.

The one who is making a request that you submit to may be wrong.  But they will learn if you let them.

It may not happen overnight.  Expect it to take time.  He may not want to be the leader in your home.  But every time you step in and make his decisions for him, you make it harder for your husband to become a strong leader.

Submission doesn’t mean silence.

Sarah is the example to follow.  And Sarah often gave her husband suggestions of what do to.

Give your opinion.  Let him decide.  But don’t tell him “I told you so” when he blows it.  Let him blow it.  He’ll learn to value your advice.

We are all to learn submission.  Every one of us.

(Eph 5:21 KJV)  Submitting yourselves one to another in the fear of God.

These lessons aren’t just for the women.  We all need to learn these important principles.
You aren’t going to learn true submission to God if you ignore submission in your human relationships.

:52 And Jesus increased in wisdom and stature, and in favour with God and man.

increasedprokopto – to beat forward; to lengthen out by hammering (as a smith forges metals); to go forward, advance, proceed; metaph. to increase, make progress

wisdomsophia – wisdom, broad and full of intelligence; used of the knowledge of very diverse matters

staturehelikia – age, time of life; stature, i.e in height and comeliness of stature

favourcharis – grace; that which affords joy, pleasure, delight, sweetness, charm, loveliness: grace of speech; good will, loving-kindness, favour; of the merciful kindness by which God, exerting his holy influence upon souls, turns them to Christ, keeps, strengthens, increases them in Christian faith, knowledge, affection, and kindles them to the exercise of the Christian virtues

Jesus is growing up physically, mentally, spiritually.