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Luke 22:31-38

Sunday Morning Bible Study

April 30, 2017

Introduction

Do people see Jesus? Is the gospel preached? Does it address the person who is: Empty, lonely, guilty, or afraid to die? Does it speak to the broken hearted? Does it build up the church? Milk – Meat – Manna Preach for a decision Is the church loved? Regular: 2900 words Communion: 2500 words Video=75wpm

Israel

Tomorrow is the last day to sign up online and pay your deposit for the Israel Trip in November.

We will be visiting over 50 sites in Israel. You will see the Bible come alive.

Yes it’s a lot of money, but it truly is the trip of a lifetime.

This will be my fifth trip. My friend Terry in Oregon has gone about a dozen times. We’ve got one of the best tour guides in Israel (Miriam Feinberg Vamosh) lined up to guide us (she’s the one that writes the tour books). We know what we’re doing.

If you are concerned for your safety, yes there are concerns, but the nation of Israel knows more about handling terrorists than anyone. On our last trip, while people were worried about us being in Israel, the San Bernardino terrorist happened (back here). We were fine in Israel.

Because our group will be small (about 20 folks), we will be able to get more done and have more interaction with our sites. (slides end with Petra)

Luke was a doctor and a travelling companion of the apostle Paul.

He wrote this book while Paul was in prison.

In writing this book about Jesus, Luke made use of other older documents like the Gospel of Mark, as well as extensive eyewitness accounts.

Jesus’ ministry is well under way, and the people have been amazed not just at the things He’s been teaching, but the things He’s been doing.

We are now on the homestretch of Jesus’ ministry.

Jesus is now in Jerusalem, on His way to be crucified.

Luke has reminded us of what Jesus’ main purpose was in life:

(Luke 19:10 NKJV) for the Son of Man has come to seek and to save that which was lost.”

We saw Jesus arrive in Jerusalem on the previous Sunday, Palm Sunday, to the shouts of an adoring crowd, crying “Hosanna”.

After cleansing the Temple, Jesus taught every day in the Temple.

We are now on Thursday night, the night of the Last Supper.

Jesus took the Passover meal and turned it from being something to remember God’s deliverance of the Jews from Egypt, to being something to remember Him and His death.

Jesus has told His disciples that one of them would betray Him.

22:31-34 Peter will deny

:31 And the Lord said, “Simon, Simon! Indeed, Satan has asked for you, that he may sift you as wheat.

:31 Simon, Simon!

Simon – from the Hebrew word Shim‘own – “heard”

This is the same word used for the second son of Jacob and the tribe of “Simeon”. (Gen. 29:33)
(Genesis 29:33 NLT) She soon became pregnant again and gave birth to another son. She named him Simeon, for she said, “The Lord heard that I was unloved and has given me another son.”
This was the name that Peter’s parents gave him when he was born.
When Simon Peter first met Jesus, Jesus said,
(John 1:42 NKJV) …“You are Simon the son of Jonah. You shall be called Cephas” (which is translated, A Stone).
Cephas is Aramaic for “stone”, but the word John uses for “stone” is the Greek word petros, which is the name of “Peter”.
Jesus is giving him a nickname, like calling him “Rocky”. Yo Adrian!

:31 Satan has asked for you

Even though Jesus is addressing Simon Peter, the “you” here is plural.

Satan has been asking for ALL the disciples.

Lesson

Permission needed

Satan is not God’s equal.
Satan does not have free access to you.
He has to ask permission first.
We see this with Job.
Satan had to ask God’s permission before the trials came in Job’s life (Job 1:6-12)

:31 sift you as wheat

he may sift siniazo (“winnowing fan”) – to sift, shake in a sieve

This is a picture of shaking someone up to separate them from what’s important.

It’s like the process of winnowing, separating the wheat from the chaff.
(Luke 22:31 The Message) “Simon, stay on your toes. Satan has tried his best to separate all of you from me, like chaff from wheat.
Satan would like to separate you from what’s really important in your life – Jesus.
Sometimes he does this by tempting you and getting you to stray so far from Jesus that you think you’ll never make it back.
Sometimes he does this by creating such difficulty and confusion in your life that you will wonder if it’s really worth following Jesus.

SatanSatanas – adversary (one who opposes another in purpose or act), the name given to; the prince of evil spirits, the inveterate adversary of God and Christ

has asked exaiteomai – to ask from, demand of; to ask or beg for one’s self, to ask that one be given up to one from the power of another

you – this is plural here. “Satan has asked to sift all of you …

This might be referring to the process of separating the chaff from the wheat.

One translation (“The Message”) translates this:

“Simon, stay on your toes. Satan has tried his best to separate all of you from me, like chaff from wheat.

Barnes: Grain was agitated or shaken in a kind of fan or sieve. The grain remained in the fan, and the chaff and dust were thrown off. So Christ says that Satan desired to try Peter; to place trials and temptations before him; “to agitate him” to see whether anything of faith would remain, or whether all would not be found to be chaff—mere natural ardor and false professions.

wheatsitos – wheat, grain

:32 But I have prayed for you, that your faith should not fail; and when you have returned to Me, strengthen your brethren.”

I have prayed deomai – to want, lack; to desire, long for; to ask, beg; to pray, make supplications

for you – this is singular. Jesus has prayed specifically for Peter.

:32 I have prayed for you

The “you” here is singular, referring to Peter alone.

Jesus has been praying specifically for Peter.

Jesus is also praying for us as well.

(Hebrews 7:25 NKJV) Therefore He is also able to save to the uttermost those who come to God through Him, since He always lives to make intercession for them.

:32 that your faith should not fail

should not fail ekleipo (“out of” + “leave”) – fail; quit; cease, stop

Present active subjunctive

faithpistis – conviction of the truth of anything, belief; in the NT of a conviction or belief respecting man’s relationship to God and divine things, generally with the included idea of trust and holy fervour born of faith and joined with it

Did Peter’s faith fail?

You might make the case that Peter’s faith did not completely fail, but you can also make the case that Peter’s faith at least “faltered”.
Even with Jesus praying for him.

:33 But he said to Him, “Lord, I am ready to go with You, both to prison and to death.”

readyhetoimos – prepare ready; ready prepared; to do something

prisonphulake – guard, watch; a watching, keeping watch; of the place where captives are kept, a prison

deaththanatos – the death of the body

to goporeuomai – to lead over, carry over, transfer; to pursue the journey on which one has entered, to continue on one’s journey

:33 I am ready to go with You

Lesson

Spiritual Pride

Peter was not ready to accept that he might fail Jesus.
Sometimes we can think we’re ready to handle the bad guys when we’re really not.
Here’s a clip from the 1984 movie “Karate Kid”, where Daniel-son thinks he can play a prank on the school bully Johnny and get away with it…

Video: Karate Kid – Halloween Fight Scene

We face a dangerous adversary.
Peter would later write,

(1 Peter 5:8 NKJV) Be sober, be vigilant; because your adversary the devil walks about like a roaring lion, seeking whom he may devour.

We all play a part in the spiritual warfare going on around us.

If you think that you are strong enough to handle every problem, you’re a …sitting duck.

The Bible says,
(Proverbs 16:18 NKJV) Pride goes before destruction, And a haughty spirit before a fall.
(1 Corinthians 10:12 NKJV) Therefore let him who thinks he stands take heed lest he fall.
Do you think that you will never let the Lord down and will never fall?
If you do, you’re in for a rude awakening.

:34 Then He said, “I tell you, Peter, the rooster shall not crow this day before you will deny three times that you know Me.”

:34 I tell you, Peter

Jesus uses the singular again, specifically talking to Peter.

Instead of calling him “Simon”, now Jesus calls him by the name He gave him, Peter.

Over the years I’ve heard pastors try to contrast Peter’s two names.

They suggest that “Simon” can also mean “wavering”, while “Peter” means “Rock”.
They will say that before Simon met Jesus, he was a quivering mess, but Jesus made Peter someone solid that He would build His church on.
But pay attention here:
Jesus has already hinted that Simon’s faith might be shaken as he’s being “sifted”.
Then Jesus says that it’s “Rocky” that’s going to flat out deny that he even knows Jesus.

PeterPetros – “a rock or a stone”.

Jesus now uses the name He gave to Peter.

crowphoneo – to sound, emit a sound, to speak; of a cock: to crow

this daysemeron – this (very) day); what has happened today

cockalektor – a cock, or male of any bird, a rooster

:34 you will deny three times that you know Me

denyaparneomai – to deny; to affirm that one has no acquaintance or connection with someone

The word is used in:

(Luke 12:9 NKJV) But he who denies Me before men will be denied before the angels of God.
The first “deny” was a simpler, less strong version of our word.
The angels use the stronger word.
I’ve had folks talk to me who feel like they’ve failed the Lord, and are facing hell because God is now going to deny them.
Peter denied the Lord. Three times.
In Luke 12:9 Jesus is warning about denying Him as a way of life, not the occasional, expected failure.

knoweido – to see; to perceive with the eyes; to know; to know of anything

Lesson

You will fail

Here’s a lovely word of encouragement. But it’s the truth.
Video:  Clumsy Penguins
This wasn’t the first-time Peter failed.
After having made the magnificent proclamation that Jesus was the Christ, the Son of the Living God (Mat. 16:16) …

(Matthew 16:16 NKJV) —16 Simon Peter answered and said, “You are the Christ, the Son of the living God.”

The next thing you know Peter is rebuking Jesus for talking about being killed and Jesus says to him,

(Matthew 16:23 NKJV) …“Get behind Me, Satan! You are an offense to Me, for you are not mindful of the things of God, but the things of men.”

It won’t even be the last time that Peter fails.
A few years later, Peter would be up north visiting the Gentile believers at Antioch.
For a while Peter was being gracious and hanging out with the Gentile believers, but when legalistic Jewish teachers showed up, Peter stopped hanging with the Gentiles.
Paul himself had to take action,

(Galatians 2:11 NKJV) …I withstood him to his face, because he was to be blamed

You and I were born with a sin nature. After you accept Christ as your Savior, you still have a sin nature.
Though Jesus is at work in us to help us sin less, we are still going to sin.
Paul the apostle wrote to the Romans,
(Romans 7:18–19 NLT) —18 And I know that nothing good lives in me, that is, in my sinful nature. I want to do what is right, but I can’t. 19 I want to do what is good, but I don’t. I don’t want to do what is wrong, but I do it anyway.
Illustration
There’s a man trying to cross the street. As he steps off the curb a car comes screaming around the corner and heads straight for him. The man walks faster, trying to hurry across the street, but the car changes lanes and is still coming at him. So the guy turns around to go back, but the car changes lanes again and is still coming at him. By now, the car is so close and the man so scared that he just freezes and stops in the middle of the road. The car gets real close, then swerves at the last possible moment and screeches to a halt right next him.
The driver rolls down the window. The driver is a squirrel. The squirrel says to the man says, “See, it’s not as easy as it looks, is it?”
The Christian life is not as easy as it sometimes looks.
You are going to fail at times.
Others are going to fail at times.

Learn compassion on others who fail because you could be next.

Thirty years after his denial of Jesus, what was Peter like?
He wrote that we ought to fear God. (1Pet. 1:17)

(1 Peter 1:17 NKJV) And if you call on the Father, who without partiality judges according to each one’s work, conduct yourselves throughout the time of your stay here in fear;

He wrote that we ought to abstain from evil. (1Pet. 2:1)

(1 Peter 2:1 NKJV) Therefore, laying aside all malice, all deceit, hypocrisy, envy, and all evil speaking,

He also reminded his readers of God’s mercy.

(1 Peter 2:10 NKJV) who once were not a people but are now the people of God, who had not obtained mercy but now have obtained mercy.

(1 Peter 4:8 NKJV) —8 And above all things have fervent love for one another, for “love will cover a multitude of sins.”

At the end of his last letter, Peter wrote,

(2 Peter 3:18 NKJV) but grow in the grace and knowledge of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ.

:32 when you have returned to Me, strengthen your brethren

Lesson

After the fall

Jesus knew that Peter would fall, and He told him what to do when he did.
Turn around
Peter would fail, and he would need to turn his life around.
returned epistrepho –to turn to; to the worship of the true God; to bring back to the love and obedience of God

The idea is that when you are going down the road the wrong way, you turn around.

It may take you days, it may take you minutes, but turn around.

Strengthen
After turning things around, Peter was to strengthen others.
strengthen sterizo (“steroids”) –to make stable, fix; to strengthen, make firm

At the end of his first epistle, Peter would use the same word to write to his readers:

(1 Peter 5:10 NKJV) But may the God of all grace, who called us to His eternal glory by Christ Jesus, after you have suffered a while, perfect, establish, strengthen, and settle you.

Even after the resurrection, things weren’t quite right with Peter.

He and the other disciples headed north to Galilee like Jesus told them to.

But instead of preaching the gospel, Peter went fishing.

Jesus met them on the shore of Galilee and wanted to speak directly to Peter. (John 21)

Peter had denied Jesus three times, and for some reason Jesus asked Peter three times, “Do you love Me?”

It’s as if Jesus was dealing with the three denials of Peter.

Each time, Jesus told Peter to “Feed My Sheep”

It’s like Jesus was reminding Peter to “strengthen” his brothers.

Strengthening others requires that we be in “community” with others.

We need each other.

Developing relationships with others in the church is vital – things like the Men’s and Women’s fellowship, like the Home Fellowships.

Video: Lord of the Rings – I Can Carry You

We will all face times like Frodo when we feel like we can’t make it up the hill.

We all need Sams in our life, we need to be “Sams” to each other. Learn to carry each other. That requires connection, relationship.

One of the ways we strengthen each other is by admitting our own weaknesses.

Knowing that others struggle and have found grace, mercy, and help, encourages me that I too can overcome my sin.

When we pretend that we never struggle, we only perpetuate the lie that Christians are supposed to be perfect. And nobody can live up to that.

The truth is, we all fail. Even me.

You need to know that I fail just like you do.

And like you, I will turn around and strengthen others.

22:35-38 Two Swords

:35 And He said to them, “When I sent you without money bag, knapsack, and sandals, did you lack anything?” So they said, “Nothing.”

money bagbalantion – a money bag, purse

knapsackpera – a wallet; a leathern sack, in which travellers and shepherds carried their provisions

sandalshupodema – what is bound under, a sandal, a sole fastened to the foot with thongs

lackhustereo – behind; to be inferior in power, influence and rank; to fail, be wanting; to be in want of, lack; to suffer want, to be devoid of, to lack (be inferior) in excellence, worth

:35 did you lack anything?

Jesus is reminding the guys of several previous times when He sent them out on mission trips.

He sent out the twelve in Luke 9 telling them,

(Luke 9:3 NLT) “Take nothing for your journey,” he instructed them. “Don’t take a walking stick, a traveler’s bag, food, money, or even a change of clothes.

Later, when He sent out 70 disciples on a bigger mission trip, He gave the same instructions:

(Luke 10:4 NLT) Don’t take any money with you, nor a traveler’s bag, nor an extra pair of sandals.
One of the lessons of those early mission trips was to learn to live by faith, to learn to let God lead and let God provide.
And now Jesus asks them to think back and recall whether they had actually lacked for anything when they were on that trip.
They recalled they had been just fine.

:36 Then He said to them, “But now, he who has a money bag, let him take it, and likewise a knapsack; and he who has no sword, let him sell his garment and buy one.

money bagbalantion – a money bag, purse

let him take itairo – to raise up, elevate, lift up; to take upon one’s self and carry what has been raised up, to bear; to bear away what has been raised, carry off

knapsackpera – a wallet; a leathern sack, in which travelers and shepherds carried their provisions

garmenthimation – a garment (of any sort); the upper garment, the cloak or mantle

swordmachaira – a large knife, used for killing animals and cutting up flesh; a small sword, as distinguished from a large sword

:36 But now

Jesus is going to contrast that earlier time with what’s up ahead.

Changing times require a different response on our part.

Some of us get quite inflexible about things.

We think that our whole life needs to be lived under the guidelines of those early days.
But sometimes new adventures require new guidelines.

Lesson

Flexible

Some people want to live their lives under the first set of rules, intended to teach lessons for that first mission trip.
They will say that you must never be prepared, and just let God supernaturally provide.
Yet Jesus changed that rule for the next stage of their lives.
Now Jesus is telling them to be prepared and gather materials.
I’ve known people over the years who have claimed that they’re living their life by faith and expecting that God will provide all their needs – all the time meaning that they won’t get a job to support themselves.
There is a time in life where we need to indeed live by faith.
But sometimes we need to support ourselves.
Paul wrote,

(2 Thessalonians 3:7–10 NKJV) —7 For you yourselves know how you ought to follow us, for we were not disorderly among you; 8 nor did we eat anyone’s bread free of charge, but worked with labor and toil night and day, that we might not be a burden to any of you, 9 not because we do not have authority, but to make ourselves an example of how you should follow us. 10 For even when we were with you, we commanded you this: If anyone will not work, neither shall he eat.

:36 he who has no sword, let him sell his garment and buy one

Was Jesus really asking His disciples to start carrying weapons?

Some take this passage to be spiritual, that the Word of God is our “sword” of the Spirit.

Yet when the disciples will mention in a minute that they have a couple of literal swords, that seems to satisfy Jesus.

Keep in mind, if you find this puzzling, so did the disciples.

When Judas brings the soldiers to the Garden of Gethsemane to arrest Jesus…
(Matthew 26:51–54 NKJV) —51 And suddenly, one of those who were with Jesus stretched out his hand and drew his sword, struck the servant of the high priest, and cut off his ear. 52 But Jesus said to him, “Put your sword in its place, for all who take the sword will perish by the sword. 53 Or do you think that I cannot now pray to My Father, and He will provide Me with more than twelve legions of angels? 54 How then could the Scriptures be fulfilled, that it must happen thus?”
(John 18:10–11 NKJV) —10 Then Simon Peter, having a sword, drew it and struck the high priest’s servant, and cut off his right ear. The servant’s name was Malchus. 11 So Jesus said to Peter, “Put your sword into the sheath. Shall I not drink the cup which My Father has given Me?”

In Jesus instructing His disciples to carry swords, He was also certainly saying that there was a proper time and place to use them, and when Jesus was arrested, that was NOT the proper place.

Matthew records Jesus warning the disciples that those who take the sword will perish by the sword (Mat. 26:52).

Luke records that Jesus went on and healed Malchus’ ear (Luke 22:51).

:37 For I say to you that this which is written must still be accomplished in Me: ‘And He was numbered with the transgressors.’ For the things concerning Me have an end.”

be accomplishedteleo – to bring to a close, to finish, to end; to perform, execute, complete, fulfil, (so that the thing done corresponds to what has been said, the order, command etc.)

the transgressorsanomos – destitute of (the Mosaic) law; of the Gentiles; departing from the law, a violator of the law, lawless, wicked

he was numberedlogizomai – to reckon, count, compute, calculate, count over; to reckon or account; by reckoning up all the reasons, to gather or infer

an endtelos – end; termination, the limit at which a thing ceases to be (always of the end of some act or state, but not of the end of a period of time). This is the root word for the word translated “be accomplished” (teleo).

:37 this which is written must still be accomplished

When Jesus asks the disciples to get swords, He’s connecting it with the fulfillment of this prophecy, and it’s a little vague as to just how.

It’s possible that Jesus means that the disciples are to be the “transgressors” because they are sword-carrying men.
I think it’s more likely that Jesus is saying that things are going to get rough. Jesus Himself is about to be treated like a criminal, and His disciples may need to take measures for self-defense, like having swords.

:38 So they said, “Lord, look, here are two swords.” And He said to them, “It is enough.”

:38 here are two swords

Lesson

God and guns

Some folks use this passage to justify Christians owning guns, or, modern day “swords”.
I’m NOT going to clarify this issue for you. I want to you think about your position.
I found it amusing a few weeks ago when we showed fictional 1953 movie “The Robe”, that the Christian Roman Tribune Marcellus was using his sword to free his friend Demetrius.
Video: The Robe – Marcellus Sword Fight – 1:45:40
The Bible does make it clear that it’s okay for soldiers and policemen to carry guns.
(Romans 13:1–4 NKJV) —1 Let every soul be subject to the governing authorities. For there is no authority except from God, and the authorities that exist are appointed by God. 2 Therefore whoever resists the authority resists the ordinance of God, and those who resist will bring judgment on themselves. 3 For rulers are not a terror to good works, but to evil. Do you want to be unafraid of the authority? Do what is good, and you will have praise from the same. 4 For he is God’s minister to you for good. But if you do evil, be afraid; for he does not bear the sword in vain; for he is God’s minister, an avenger to execute wrath on him who practices evil.

God gives the government authority to use weapons.

I found it interesting that of the remaining eleven disciples (Judas has already left them), two of them already had swords.
But notice, Jesus doesn’t seem to think that they all need to be carrying swords.

Two was enough.

If Jesus was thinking of mounting an armed resistance, they would need more than two swords.

But to be honest, I do not know of any record of any of these disciples ever using a sword after Peter’s incident in the garden later that night.
Be careful about making the mistake of taking verses like this and thinking that all Christians should arm themselves and swing their sword at anything that moves.
I’m not saying it’s wrong for you to own a gun.
Jesus thought that two out of eleven was enough.
There’s a time to fight and there’s a time not to.
Video: Indiana Jones – Sword vs. Gun
If you are going to own a sword (or a gun), you need to be careful that you know when the right time is to use it, lest Jesus be reminding you that those who live by the sword also die by the sword.

:37 He was numbered with the transgressors

Lesson

He died for me

Part of this prophetic fulfillment had to do with Jesus being condemned to die between two thieves.
Yet Jesus was quoting from,
(Isaiah 53:12 NKJV) Therefore I will divide Him a portion with the great, And He shall divide the spoil with the strong, Because He poured out His soul unto death, And He was numbered with the transgressors, And He bore the sin of many, And made intercession for the transgressors.
Though it is quoted in the New Testament letters, this is the only place in the four gospels where Isaiah 53 is quoted.
Isaiah wrote that Jesus would die for sins.

Jesus even prays for sinners.

The Bible says that I too am a “transgressor”.
(Romans 3:23 NLT) For everyone has sinned; we all fall short of God’s glorious standard.
Paul wrote,
(2 Corinthians 5:20–21 NLT) —20 So we are Christ’s ambassadors; God is making his appeal through us. We speak for Christ when we plead, “Come back to God!” 21 For God made Christ, who never sinned, to be the offering for our sin, so that we could be made right with God through Christ.
Are you a sinner? Have you done things that are wrong?
How can you ever find forgiveness with God for what you’ve done?
Only through Jesus.
This is not just for those who have never opened their heart to Jesus, but for long-time Christians as well.

We all need forgiveness.

We all need Jesus.